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Ceratodon purpureus
''Ceratodon purpureus'' is a dioicous moss with a color ranging from yellow-green to red.〔(Flora of North America )〕 The height amounts to 3 centimeters. It is found worldwide, mainly in urban areas and next to roads on dry sand soils.〔(Species Profile )〕 It can grow in a very wide variety of habitats, from polluted highway shoulders and mine tailings to areas recently denuded by wildfire to the bright slopes of Antarctica.〔(US Forest Service Fire Ecology )〕 Its common names include ceratodon moss, fire moss, and purple horn toothed moss.
==Description==
Fire moss is a native, short moss that forms dense tufts or sometimes cushions.〔Shaw, J.; Jules, E. S.; Beer, S. C. 1991. Effects of metals on growth, morphology, and reproduction of Ceratodon purpureus. Bryologist. 94(3): 270-277.〕〔Bland, John H. 1971. Forests of Lilliput. The realm of mosses and lichens. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.〕 The stems are erect, usually about 0.5 inch (1.3 cm) long. The upper 0.19 inch (0.5 cm) is current year's growth;〔 often slightly branched by forking at the tip of the old growth.〔Dunham, Elizabeth Marie. 1951. How to know the mosses: a popular guide to the mosses of the United States. Boston, MA: The Mosher Press.〕 The stems sometimes become 2.4 to 3.1 inches (7–8 cm) long in shaded places.〔Grout, A. J. 1932. Moss flora of North America, north of Mexico. Vol. 3. Part 3. New York: The author.〕 Leaves are short and hairlike, spreading when moist; somewhat folded or twisted when dry.〔〔
Fire moss contains photoprotective pigments, which are a useful adaptation for the bright Antarctic environment.〔Post, A. 1990. Photoprotective pigment as an adaptive strategy in the Antarctic moss Ceratodon purpureus. Polar Biology. 10(4): 241-246.〕 Leaf pigment varies from green to ginger.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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